Maven2入门--超级简单
maven2 能做什么？ maven 可以帮我们更好的管理软件，包括编译，文档生成，管理项目依赖等。 用 maven 来替代 ant
maven2 能做什么？
maven 可以帮我们更好的管理软件，包括编译，文档生成，管理项目依赖等。
用 maven 来替代 ant
j2ee 下 ant 早已是事实上的标准。但是，每次开发一个新的项目，总要从头写 ant 的 buildfile （当然，大多数情况直接 copy 旧的 buildfile ）。用 maven 则可省去很多步骤，因为它知道该怎么编译项目。
看看 maven 怎么开始一个新 java 项目：
1. 创建一个项目模板，其中 groupId 是程序的 package ， artifactId 是项目的名字。这里假定你的项目的 package 是 tutorial, 名称是 tutorial ：
> mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=tutorial -DartifactId=tutorial
| [INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Default Project
[INFO] task-segment: [archetype:create] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Setting property: classpath.resource.loader.class => 'org.codehaus.plexus.velocity.ContextClassLoaderResourceLoader'.
[INFO] Setting property: velocimacro.messages.on => 'false'.
[INFO] Setting property: resource.loader => 'classpath'.
[INFO] Setting property: resource.manager.logwhenfound => 'false'.
[INFO] **************************************************************
[INFO] Starting Jakarta Velocity v1.4
[INFO] RuntimeInstance initializing.
[INFO] Default Properties File: org/apache/velocity/runtime/defaults/velocity.properties
[INFO] Default ResourceManager initializing. (class org.apache.velocity.runtime.resource.ResourceManagerImpl)
[INFO] Resource Loader Instantiated: org.codehaus.plexus.velocity.ContextClassLoaderResourceLoader
[INFO] ClasspathResourceLoader : initialization starting.
[INFO] ClasspathResourceLoader : initialization complete.
[INFO] ResourceCache : initialized. (class org.apache.velocity.runtime.resource.ResourceCacheImpl)
[INFO] Default ResourceManager initialization complete.
[INFO] Loaded System Directive: org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.Literal
[INFO] Loaded System Directive: org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.Macro
[INFO] Loaded System Directive: org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.Parse
[INFO] Loaded System Directive: org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.Include
[INFO] Loaded System Directive: org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.Foreach
[INFO] Created: 20 parsers.
[INFO] Velocimacro : initialization starting.
[INFO] Velocimacro : adding VMs from VM library template : VM_global_library.vm
[ERROR] ResourceManager : unable to find resource 'VM_global_library.vm' in any resource loader.
[INFO] Velocimacro : error using VM library template VM_global_library.vm : org.apache.velocity.exception.ResourceNotFoundException: Unable to find resource 'VM_global_library.vm'
[INFO] Velocimacro : VM library template macro registration complete.
[INFO] Velocimacro : allowInline = true : VMs can be defined inline in templates
[INFO] Velocimacro : allowInlineToOverride = false : VMs defined inline may NOT replace previous VM definitions
[INFO] Velocimacro : allowInlineLocal = false : VMs defined inline will be global in scope if allowed.
[INFO] Velocimacro : initialization complete.
[INFO] Velocity successfully started.
[INFO] [archetype:create]
[INFO] Defaulting package to group ID: tutorial
[INFO] artifact org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart: checking for updates from central
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:RELEASE
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: tutorial
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: tutorial
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: tutorial
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: tutorial
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: G:/tmp
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ********************* End of debug info from resources from generated POM *********************** |
2. 现在，看看生成了什么：
> tree /f /a
| G:.
/---tutorial
| pom.xml
|
/---src
+---main
| /---java
| /---tutorial
| App.java
|
/---test
/---java
/---tutorial
AppTest.java |
3. 好了，编译模板程序看看 ( 直接打包成 jar 文件 ) ：
> cd tutorial
> mvn install
| [INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building tutorial
[INFO] task-segment: [install]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [resources:resources]
[INFO] Using default encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] [compiler:compile]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to G:/tmp/tutorial/target/classes
[INFO] [resources:testResources]
[INFO] Using default encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] [compiler:testCompile]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to G:/tmp/tutorial/target/test-classes
[INFO] [surefire:test]
[INFO] Surefire report directory: G:/tmp/tutorial/target/surefire-reports
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running tutorial.AppTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.078 sec
Results :
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] [jar:jar]
[INFO] Building jar: G:/tmp/tutorial/target/tutorial-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] [install:install]
[INFO] Installing G:/tmp/tutorial/target/tutorial-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:/Documents and Settings/guest/.m2/repository/tutorial/tutorial/1.0-SNAPSHOT/tutorial-1.0-SNAPSHOT.j
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
4. 运行看看：
> java -cp target/tutorial-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar tutorial.App
不需要写复杂的 ant buildfile ，简单的命令，省了许多麻烦。
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